Minnesota is one of the coldest parts of the continental United States. The long sub-freezing winters are relieved by short and hot summers. The solution for the environmental demand at Minnesota State University, Mankato is a complex centralized Utility Plant (a diagram of the MSU campus is shown below). Mankato is located in southern Minnesota, in the Minnesota River Valley. The Mankato campus consists of approximately sixteen academic buildings that are largely interconnected (did we mention it was cold in the winter?), three dormitory complexes, and currently supports over 12,000 students. To address the University's heating and cooling needs, the Facilities Department maintains a centralized Utility Plant and equipment distributed across campus. Equipment at the plant has
expanded over the last two decades to include four boilers, one steam turbine driven generator unit, three chillers, two emergency power diesel generators, three stand-by diesel generators, and various pumps and compressors.
People generally consider air conditioning and heating equipment fairly commonplace. However, it is interesting to consider the challenges posed by heating and cooling something with the shear size of a university campus, even a medium sized one like Minnesota State. If the campus was heated by a typical home furnace, it would take over 600
units to satisfy the heating needs! And if campus was cooled with a typical window air conditioner it would take over 1000 central air conditioners to maintain the required conditions! Instead, steam and chilled water is produced in the Utility Plant (shown in the picture below) and distributed through a network of pipes and tunnels to the buildings on
campus. The steam and chilled water is then run through air handling units in each building to heat or cool the air being supplied to the building space.
Steam Heating of Campus
